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white sugar vs brown sugar/differences between white sugar and brown sugar. Differences in nutrition White and brown sugar are very similar to one another because they come from the same plants, either the sugarcane or sugar beet plant. In fact, the majority of brown sugar is a mixture of white sugar and molasses, a syrup made from sugar. Molasses adds a slight boost to its nutritional value and contributes to its darker color. Nutritional differences: The content of calcium, iron, and potassium in brown sugar is the most notable nutritional distinction between the two. However, brown sugar is not a good source of vitamins or minerals because it contains very little of these minerals. White sugar also has fewer calories than brown sugar, but only by a small amount. Brown sugar has 15 calories per teaspoon (4 grams), while white sugar has 16.3 calories per teaspoon (2Trusted Source, 3Trusted Source). Except for these minor differences, their nutrition is comparable. Their taste and colo...